英国Paper代写论文精选:“壳牌石油公司的起源及发展”,这篇论文主要介绍了壳牌公司的起源以及发展。文章指出,壳牌公司的组建源于1907年壳牌运输和贸易有限公司与荷兰石油公司股权的合并;此后,该集团逐渐成为世界主要的国际石油公司,业务遍及大约130个国家,合作伙伴非常广泛。但另一方面,壳牌石油公司也因一直维持的垄断地位以及对环境与人类健康的影响而开始在社会上引起非议。
Shell Oil Company has its origin in the sea shells. In 1833, a trader by the name of Marcus Samuel opened and operated an enterprise in London that specialized in antiques and sea shells. These products were being bought by historians for decoration purposes. Marcus was later joined by his son in the business. As he traveled in search of shells at the coast of Caspian Sea, Marcus recognized an opportunity of exporting oil to this area to be used for cooking and in lamps. He thus set his ambition, and in 1882, he commissioned the first oil tanker and in a period of 15 years, Shell Company merged with another Dutch company and formed the first oil conglomerate company in the world. Today, Shell is the world’s second largest oil company comprising of a network of close to a thousand companies and two thousand joint ventures operating in over 135 countries. According to Estrada, Javier, Kristian Tangen and Helge Ole Bergesen (1997), leading oil Companies for long had an awful public image and standing being criticized for maintaining monopoly and making enormous profits, causing accidents and their devastating impact on the environment and human health. However, the 1980’s, oil companies have come up to improve their public image through expanding their agenda to include environmental sustainability and according to the business principles that shell company upholds, it is committed to conducting business as responsible members of the society and to observe the laws of the country in which the company operates its business. Accordingly, in the year 2000 the company spent 85 million USD on social responsibility in terms of sponsoring education and provision of medical services among other services, with the largest share going to Africa and the Middle East. Shell Company has also played an active role in eradicating poverty in countries where it operates through increasing oil revenues distributed to local communities. This has been done in Nigeria through the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC). However, these gains and activities come at a great cost as the Company’s activities have caused serious environmental degradation which has affected the community negatively. There have been several oil spills from the areas of operation of the company, discharge of production waste, and air pollution are just but a few of the environmental damage. This has led to a negative impact on the health of the people in such communities. The above involvement has been as a result of ethical concerns of which the Statement of General Business Principles by Shell Company provides for the Upholding of the Company’s reputation as being paramount. Shell Company also embraces the importance of maintaining trust and confidence of its employees, customers, and shareholders as well as the communities in which it operates as a social initiative. The desire to contribute to the common good has also been a drive for the Company’s involvement and responsibility to the community. Humanitarian corporate social responsibility makes companies such as shell engage themselves past preventing what they have done in the societies they operate in. Shell’s social initiative has, however, resulted into commercialized conflicts in some of the areas where the company operates such as the Nembe region in Nigeria, where some groups have persistently fought over these social benefits it has fueled corruption and embezzlement of funds provided by the company and community governance destroyed because a handful of groups has been taking chieftaincy powers in order to get some of the benefits provided by the shell Company. 51Due作为专业的留学教育辅导机构,专业辅导语言学论文代写、硕士paper代写、英国matlab作业代写,自2004年至今,坚持以学生为中心,全天候服务,为海外留学生完成了数万篇assignment代写、essay代写、report代写、dissertation代写等论文,以优质的英国代写服务赢得留学生的信赖,如有英国代写code需求或者英国it课程补习需求,欢迎咨询51Due哦。
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